Volume 20, Number 2, December 2025
| The Critical Factors of Intellectual Capital Governance (ICG) Model |
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of knowledge-based economies, organizations are increasingly compelled to rethink how they manage, govern, and leverage intellectual capital as a core strategic asset. While knowledge management has been widely explored in literature, there remains a theoretical and practical gap regarding the governance mechanisms that transform fragmented intellectual resources into sustainable organizational capabilities. This study proposes a comprehensive model—Intellectual Capital Governance (ICG) model—which conceptualizes the key dimensions that shape how organizations mobilize, regulate, and institutionalize intellectual capital for strategic advantage, and addresses the critical factors of the ICG model. The model integrates seven critical factors—organizational culture, human resources, intellectual property, social relationship, finance, technology development, and marketing—and illustrates how their interplay fosters organizational resilience and knowledge-driven competitiveness. By synthesizing insights from knowledge management, corporate governance, and strategic management domains, this study underscores the necessity of a governance-centric approach in the stewardship of intangible assets. Furthermore, six propositions are formulated to illuminate how intellectual capital governance aligns with corporate social responsibility (CSR), suggesting that the capacity to manage intellectual capital effectively is not only a determinant of internal efficiency, but also a prerequisite for fulfilling external stakeholder expectations.
Keywords: Intellectual Capital; Knowledge Management; Critical Factors; Intellectual Capital Governance (ICG).
JEL Classification: M10, M14, O34